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Study on the suitability of surface meteorological stations in Sichuan Province based on relief degree of land surface
HUANG Xiaolong, WU Wei, XU Xiaoli, WANG Liwei, SONG Yunfan, LI Xue
Journal of Arid Meteorology    2023, 41 (4): 579-588.   DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2023)-04-0579
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In order to scientifically determine the topographic relief characteristics of meteorological stations, based on the 30 m data of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM), the optimal analysis window of relief degree of land surface (RDLS) model in Sichuan Province was determined by using the mean change point analysis method. On this basis, the relief amplitude characteristics of surface meteorological observation stations in Sichuan Province were analyzed to explore the spatial pattern of the layout of meteorological stations. The results are as follows: (1) The best window for RDLS in Sichuan Province is 39 × 39 rectangular neighborhood pixels, with a corresponding area of about 1.369 km2. The established RDLS model is consistent with the trend of mountains and can capture the topographic relief of various scales, which accords with the topographic characteristics of Sichuan Province. (2) The terrain of national stations and regional stations is dominated by platforms, hills, and small undulating mountains. The proportion of national stations with small topographic undulations stations is significantly higher than that of regional stations, indicating that national stations are more representative of the region. (3) Suitable meteorological observation stations in Sichuan Province are mainly distributed the basin, in the north and west regions of the west Sichuan Plateau, as well as the eastern and southern parts of Panxi, accounting for 69.74% of the province’s total area. The analysis window area determined by the mean change point analysis method can take into consideration various geomorphic types, and the extracted RDLS can better reflect the topographic characteristics of meteorological stations, which can provide an important reference for the adaptive layout of meteorological stations and the optimization of station network.

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